Less than 0.1% of the enegery in a food chain generally makes it from the sun to quaternary consumers t. or f.

Generally, 10% of total available energy is transferred to the next trophic level in any food chain. Rest about 90 % of the stored chemical energy is lost as heat, a by-product of respiration. Let’s assume a 10% transfer rate, starting from producer (100%), primary consumer (10% ), secondary consumer 1%) and tertiary consumer have (0.1%). Therefore, quaternary consumers will have less than 0.1% of energy. Thus, statement is true.

when it's short and dry.

1: most common garden plants prefer loam — soils with a balance of different-sized mineral particles (approximately 40% sand, 40% silt, and 20% clay) with ample organic matter and pore space. however, some plants grow better in sandy soils, while others are well-adapted to clay soils.

2: available water capacity is the maximum amount of plant available water a soil can provide. it is an indicator of a soil's ability to retain water and make it sufficiently available for plant use. available water capacity is the water held in soil between its field capacity and permanent wilting point.

3: it is the same for all living things (plants and animals). it also includes very tiny organisms that our eyes cannot see. they are known as microorganisms, and include viruses, bacteria and fungi.