Kamea has been experiencing a great deal of pain in her lower back. each morning she wakes anticipated back pain. her experience of pain is in part the result of

Her experience of pain is in part the result of her expectations about pain. Sensory experiences are thought to be formed by the interactions between expectations and incoming sensory information, but these interactions are not very well understood. On the other hand, it has been shown that positive expectations can reduce the subjective experience of pain .

the framers of the constitution insisted that federal judges be nominated instead of elected due to their desire to have judges above the shifting whims of the masses.

the hope, whether achieved or not, was that federal judges would only be beholden to the law and that by not having judges be elected, they would be protected if that law dictated an outcome that ran counter to popular opinion.