Which membrane component is most important for allowing large, charged molecules to pass through the membrane?

The correct answer is transmembrane proteins.  

A kind of integral membrane protein that covers the entirety of the membrane of the cell to which it is permanently combined is known as a transmembrane protein.  

These proteins function as passageways to allow the conduction of particular components through the membrane. Only the transmembrane proteins can work on both the bilayer sides or in the transportation of molecules through it.  

ans.

gregor john mendel is known for study of inheritance in pea plants. he used garden pea plant for his study, having alternative traits for various characters. he performed cross-breeding in pea plants to check how characters are transmitted between parents to offspring, such as cross between pure tall and pure dwarf plant. mendel studied the inheritance patterns in pea plants for various generations.

thus, the correct answer includes options and f).

hydrogen is a compound or a single element and a element is a pure substence that cannot be separated into simpler subtances

clorine is a compound its a chemical substance that forms when two or more different elements combine

so both hydrogen and clorine are compounds