Ray often wakes up at night talking loudly and incoherently. during this time, his heart rate increases, and he recalls vague images of someone pressing on his chest. however, he is never fully awake and returns to sleep. in the context of sleep disorders, ray is exhibiting symptoms of

In the context of sleep disorders, Ray is exhibiting symptoms of sleep terrors (night terrors).

Sleep terror is a sleep disorder and an undesired occurrence in which an affected person screams and experiences intense fear while still asleep. Sleep terror incidence usually continue from seconds to a few minutes, but it may last longer. During a sleep terror, an individual might have any of these symptoms; fast breathing and a quicker heartbeat, sweating, screaming in distress, and acting upset and afraid.

step 1: nitrogen fixation- conversion of atmospheric no₂ into forms useful to plants by lightning, bacteria, and cyanobacteria.

step 2: nitrification-process of converting ammonia to nitrite or nitrate.

step 3: assimilation-plant roots absorb new form of nitrogen.

step 4: ammonification-conversion of organic nitrogen to ammonia by bacteria involved in decomposition.

step 5: denitrification-bacteria turns the decomposed matter back into n₂o, which is released into atmosphere; repeat cycle.

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