The pattern of spacing between individuals across the range of a population is its a )growth rate b)distribution c)density d)habitat

(B) Distribution

Species distribution is the way in which a biological taxon is spatially resolved. The geographic limits of a particular taxon's distribution are its range, often described as shaded areas on a map. Patterns of distribution shift depending on the scale at which they are observed, from the arrangement of individuals within a small family unit to designs within a population, or the distribution of the entire species as a whole (range).

It would be the second choice the phenotype

By water evaporation from the leaves is created a negative pressure at the top of the tree that promotes the ascension  of the water through channels that are called xylem. there are also two molecule forces that are involved: the intra-water molecules cohesion (water molecules stick to each other) and the adhesion when the water molecules stick to the channels they are running in. this is what enables water to go from the roots to the top of a tall tree.