How is the brain an experimental animal preserved and prepared for sectioning?

In order to get detailed histological data of the brain high-quality histological sections and reliable histological processing must be done. There are a few steps in a process of preparation tissue before sectioning:

•Fixation - (formaldehyde and formalin are the most commonly used  fixatives). This step is necessary to preserve the tissue sample in a state as close to that during life.

•Dehydration - by using high concentrations of alcohol ( 60% ethanol in water) Ths step is for removing excess fluid.

•Clearing – (xyrene, benzene , chloroform) Process of removing the dehydrating agent.

•Embedding (paraffin) The step of putting the tissue in a medium to allow thin slices to be cut cleanly. It provides rigid support to the tissue.

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interphase

the period of cell growth when the cell synthesizes new molecules and organelles. the cell is not dividing and it constitutes the majority of the time spent in the cell cycle

prophase

changes occur in the nucleus and cytoplasm. the chromatin condenses to form structures (sister chromatids) visible with a light microscope and the mitotic spindle begins to form, but the nucleus is still in tact

prometaphase

the nuclear envelope fragments and the spindle microtubules attach to the kinetochores of the sister chromatids

metaphase

all the cell's duplicated chromosomes are lined up at an imaginary plane equidistant between the poles of the mitotic spindle

anaphase

begins when sister chromatids separate from each other and ending when a complete set of daughter chromosomes arrives at each of the two poles of the cell

telophase

the daughter nuclei form at the two poles of a cell

cytokinesis

the division of a cytoplasm to form two separate daughter cells. usually occurs during telophase during mitosis. this and mitosis make up to mitotic (m) phase of the cell cycle