3.32 unit test on cell biology

1.photosynthesis and cellular respiration are often described in two ways one way is they are chemically opposite and the 2nd they have a relationship to eachother explain what these two statements mean be sure to include the specific substances used and released and released by each process

2.your skin is constantly producing new cells through division how does this happen? during interphase how does a cell prepare for division? describe cell division including the processes of mitosis and cytokinesis. be sure to describe the mitotic step.

1.1. Photosynthesis and cell respiration they are chemically opposite

Plants use sunlight as a source of energy.  With the energy of the sun, plants use carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O) to make sugars called carbohydrates. This reaction is called photosynthesis.

CO2 + H2O + light energy => O2 + sugar (carbohydrates)

Cellular respiration is a chemical reaction found in animal and plant cells.

 Cellular respiration transforms carbohydrates (food) into cellular energy that the cell uses to perform all of its functions.

The reaction is as follows:

6*O2 + glucose => 6*CO2 + 6*H2O.

1.2  they have a relationship to each other

Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are the phenomena that organisms have to obtain energy for their activities. We distinguish two kinds of organisms: heterotrophs and autotrophs.

photosynthesis and cellular respiration is a cycle that depends on each other (the products of one are the reagents of the other).

2.1 Skin cells divide by mitosis.

The somatic cells of our body are divided by mitosis. Somatic cells make up most of the tissues and organs in our bodies - skin, muscles, lungs, intestines, and so on.

Somatic cells are diploid (each has two sets of chromosomes). By mitosis, the genetic material (chromosomes and DNA) of the mother cell is unchanged in each of the daughter cells, which are also diploid.

2.2 The interphase

The interphase is thus the period of the cell cycle during which the nucleus is not dividing, typically intervening between mitotic or meiotic divisions.

Otherwise expressed, interphases are steps in the development of subsequent mitosis or cell meiosis, during which the nucleus is not dividing. In the cells that will undergo further division, the DNA in the nucleus is duplicated for next division during phase S, and the proteins involved in mitosis are synthesized in phase G2.

2.3 Mitosis  and cytokinesis

Mitosis is a process involved in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells and immediately preceding cell division, consisting of the equitable distribution of hereditary material (characteristic DNA). This type of division occurs in somatic cells and usually ends with the formation of two distinct nuclei (mitosis), followed by cytoplasmic separation (cytokinesis) to form two daughter cells.

Cytokinesis refers to a division of the cytoplasm that usually follows the division of the nucleus at the end of the mitosis. It is the process by which the cytoplasm of a eukaryotic cell divides into two cells

as resources become scarce because of population growth, the growth decreases after few years due to lack of resources and food.

the correct answer is option b

behavioral response need communication and thus co-ordination at several levels such as interaction among cells, organ system and the entire organism.

behavioral response produces both internal and environmental stimulus.