In a punnett square, what is each individual letter placed outside the box at the top

Which of the following is a cost of urbanization? a-cities can provide a high standard of living. b-cities are hubs of entertainment and education. c-paving over land changes the environment. d-job opportunities are greater in urban centers.

4the indian leaf butterfly has traits that allow it to resemble a leaf. the bright colors of the monarch butterfly indicate that the butterfly tastes bad and can be poisonous. how does the appearance of these butterflies them to survive? f the indian leaf butterfly is able to avoid predators while the monarch butterfly warns predators away. g. the indian leaf butterfly frightens predators away while the monarch butterfly poisons predators before they can eat it. h both butterflies rely on camouflage to avoid predation. j both butterflies cooperate with one another to avoid predation.

Which process can increase the rate of greenhouse gas emissions into the atmosphere in response to a decrease in albedo