The introduction of caulerpa, also known as killer algae, into california was ultimately the result of a. hull fouling b. the aquarium trade in exotic, nonnative aquatic species c. intentional release d. an algae farming company

The introduction of Caulerpa, also known as killer algae, into California was ultimately the result of;

A. Hull fouling

"Hull-fouling and aquaculture are the most significant sources of seaweed invaders and should be carefully regulated"

The correct answer is option a, that is, hull fouling.  

The manner in which the species can attach themselves with the hull of a ship at the time of voyage and get transported to long distances is known as hull fouling. It is a well familiar issue influencing vessels trading in warm water ports and is the outcome of the marine development on the hull. The fouling can be due to the gathering of plants, microorganisms, animals, or algae on the wetted surfaces.  

answer;

a. sheep consumption efficiency would be reduced.

explanation;

-trophic efficiency is a measure of how much energy occurs at one level divided by the energy at the level immediately below it . trophic efficiency incorporates three types of efficiency:

-the proportion of available energy that is consumed (consumption efficiency).   it is the proportion of the available biomass that is ingested by consumers.

-the proportion of ingested food that is assimilated (assimilation efficiency).

-the proportion of assimilated food that goes into new consumer biomass (production efficiency).

-in this case, the grasshoppers would affect sheep by reducing the proportion of the available biomass that is ingested by the sheep.