You are studying three populations of birds. population a has ten birds, of which one is brown (a recessive trait) and nine are red. population b has 100 birds, of which ten are brown. population c has 30 birds, and three of them are brown. which population is most likely to be subject to the bottleneck effect?

Monarch butterflies have brightly colored orange wings with black patterns on them, making them easily visible to birds that eat butterflies and moths, yet birds rarely eat the monarchs. likewise, the monarch caterpillars are brightly striped yellow and white and black, and they also are rarely eaten by birds, although some wasps will attack them and feed them to their young. what can be inferred from these observations? monarchs must threaten and attack birds, but not wasps. monarchs have a way of discouraging bird predation that does not involve hiding. monarchs’ wings are so colorful that most birds must find them difficult to eat. monarchs lay more eggs than other less conspicuous butterflies.