The bottleneck event that decimated the bison was caused by
a. overhunting
b. climate change
c. disease
d. habitat destruction

The answer is a. overhunting.

The bottleneck event means drastic reduction of the population size because of environment changes. The consequence of this is the reduction of genetic variation. The bison population is a good example of the population bottleneck. The bison population drastically reduced its size due to overhunting which culminated at the end of the 19th century, when bisons almost extinct. 

D.) domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species

This movement is also referred to as  glacial plucking