Plants store their excess carbohydrates in the form

Plants store their excess carbohydrate in the form of starch so that it could be used as energy source later on. The excess carbohydrate is converted into starch in the plastid i.e. chloroplast & this process occurs in the presence of sunlight. It is an insoluble polymer of glucose which gets stored in cell organelles named as amyloplasts. In some plants, starch is also stored in roots and embryos.

you did not attach the discourse, but i assume it to be the discourse on the origin and basis of inequality among men (the original titile in french is: "discours sur l'origine et les fondements de l'inégalité parmi les hommes"), also know as "second discourse". in this discourse, jean-jacques rousseau emphasizes that private property is the basis of all inequalities.

therefore, what enabled the old regime to maintain as long as it did was private property.

many other transport proteins, often called pumps, move materials against a concentration gradient. active transport drives molecules across a membrane from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration. this process, shown in figure 5.1, uses transport proteins powered by chemi- cal energy.