Which of the following is not true about energy in ecosystems?
a. energy is transferred between organisms.
b. energy is recycled after flowing through ecosystems.
c. most energy enters ecosystems as sunlight.
d. ecosystems require a continuous influx of new energy.

The correct answer would be b. Energy is recycled after flowing through ecosystems.

Unlike nutrients, the energy is not recycled in an ecosystem. The energy is lost at each trophic level as a result of cellular respiration due to which continuous influx of the new energy is required for the sustenance of the ecosystem.

Thus, option B would be false about the ecosystems.

volcanoes (an event in the geosphere) release a large amount of particulate matter into the atmosphere. these particles serve as nuclei for the formation of water droplets (hydrosphere). rainfall (hydrosphere) often increases following an eruption, stimulating plant growth (biosphere).