In a scientific study, the degree to which our findings can be applied to the larger population from which our study sample is drawn is the extent of its what?

The answer is;  the sample  size

The sample size also determines the confidence level of the statistics. The higher the sample size, the higher confidence levels at which the sample will accurately represent the larger population being tested.  

the correct answer is: b. pantala flavescens, because these organisms would have a high level of genetic variation due to sexual reproduction.  

because involves two organisms (parents) whose genetic material combines, sexual reproduction leads to genetic variation in new generations of offspring. the offspring is an unique organism, with new genome, more protected with the higher ability to adapted. this process is fundamental to evolution.