James is working with the lac operon of escherichia coli (e. coli). he places the bacteria on a plate of growth media. based on the current understanding of this operon, which hypothesis would be useful for james to test?

after making a punnet square using bv bv bv bv you will find that the ratio will be 9: 7 or a 128.6% probability.

hope this

2%? i tried finding the exact sorry if it's not 100% correct ; -;

the last one: artificial selection/genetic engineering

plant breeding is modifying the genetic composition of the plant - but this isn't cloning (which is specifically introducing a gene into a genome). but you are artificially selecting for the phenotype that you want.

the second one is literally genetic engineering - the gene would have been cloned first and then inserted or genetically engineered into the new plant cell (the cotton).