African penguins, which inhabit the coasts of southern africa, were classified as an endangered species in 2010. two significant threats to their survival are ecosystem damage from oil spills and overfishing by humans. overfishing depletes the food supply of african penguins. the best method to reduce the threat of overfishing would be to . the risk of oil spills could be reduced by increasing the use of , which should oil consumption. if an oil spill does occur, could be used to remove the oil so the ecosystem may more quickly recover.

The best method to reduce the threat of overfishing would be to expand marine protected areas.

There are many possible solutions for the overfishing. Many organizations around the world are focusing on ways to make the fishing industry more sustainable, to address fishing subsidies, to educate retailers to purchase their seafood from sustainable fisheries in order to influence global market.

The risk of oil spills could be reduced by increasing the methods to prevent releases of oil (Oil Spill Prevention Control and Countermeasures-SPCC program) which should help oil consumption  

If an oil spill does occur, use of microorganisms (such as the bacteria Alcanivorax) or  bioremediation accelerator could be used to help remove the oil so the ecosystem may more quickly recover.