Biology, 02.01.2020 13:31 deena7

How does an inhibitor of n-acetylglucosamine phosphotransferase affect lysosomal protein sorting?

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Answer from: Simplytaylorgrenade

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Lysosomal proteins are secreted from the cell

Explanation;N-acetylglucosamine phosphotransferase is a golgi-localized enzyme that catalyzes the first step in the synthesis of the mannose 6-phosphate recognition marker on lysosomal acid hydrolases.The loss of function of this enzyme results in impaired lysosomal targeting of the acid hydrolases and decreased lysosomal degradation.Mannose 6-phosphate receptor sorts lysosomal hydrolases in trans Golgi Network; the first step is the recognition of lysosomal hydrolyses in the Golgi apparatus by N-acetylglucosamine phosphotransferase. The enzyme has both the catalytic sites which binds both high mannose N-linked oligosaccharides and UDP-GlcNAc, and recognition site that binds to a signal patch present only on the surface of lysosomal hydrolases.

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fertilization, pictured in figure 24.23a is the process in which gametes (an egg and sperm) fuse to form a zygote. the egg and sperm each contain one set of chromosomes. to ensure that the offspring has only one complete diploid set of chromosomes, only one sperm must fuse with one egg. in mammals, the egg is protected by a layer of extracellular matrix consisting mainly of glycoproteins called the zona pellucida. when a sperm binds to the zona pellucida, a series of biochemical events, called the acrosomal reactions, take place. in placental mammals, the acrosome contains digestive enzymes that initiate the degradation of the glycoprotein matrix protecting the egg and allowing the sperm plasma membrane to fuse with the egg plasma membrane, as illustrated in figure 24.23b. the fusion of these two membranes creates an opening through which the sperm nucleus is transferred into the ovum. the nuclear membranes of the egg and sperm break down and the two haploid genomes condense to form a diploid genome.

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