What theory states that not only climate but several other factors determine the characteristics of the climax community

The correct answer is climax pattern theory.

Explanation:

The climax pattern theory was postulated by Whittaker in 1953. On the basis of this theory, various climaxes are mediated by the responses of species populations to abiotic and biotic conditions. Based on this theory, the entire environment of the ecosystem predicts the species composition, structure, and balance of a climax community. The environment comprises the response of the species towards temperature, nutrients, and moisture, the accessibility of flora and fauna to colonize the region, their biotic association, and chance dispersal of seeds and animals, disturbances like fire and wind, soils, and climate.