The science of classifying organisms based on shared future is

taxonomy: the science of classifying organisms based on shared, functions, relationships, structures, etc.

not sure if this is what you'r looking for eubacteria and archaebacteria

producers: apple trees, potatoes, carrots, grains, acorns, cabbage, grass, corn, lettuce

consumers: deer, mice, rabbits, chickens, squirrels, horses, worms, cows

predators: eagles, frogs, wolves, owls