X-linked genes differ from y-linked genes in which of the following ways?

a) sons and daughters can inherit alleles of x-linked genes from fathers proportionally but only sons inherit alleles of y-linked genes from their fathers.
b) only x-linked genes are technically sex-linked because y-linked genes affect characteristics unrelated to sex.
c) although the x and y chromosomes carry genes that determine sexual characteristics, there are not corresponding regions of homology for genes located on each chromosome.
d) though most x-linked genes determine sex, y-linked genes control for characters unrelated to sex.
e) sons and daughters have equal probabilities in inheriting a recessive allele of an x-linked gene from their mother, but only sons can inherit rare y-linked genetic disorders from their father.

e) Sons and daughters have equal probabilities in inheriting a recessive allele of an X-linked gene from their mother, but only sons can inherit rare Y-linked genetic disorders from their father.

Explanation:

Females have two copies of the X chromosome and males have only one X chromosome (one Y chromosome). Because of that X-linked recessive diseases are more common among males than females (males need only one copy to have disease, females with one copy are carriers).  

For example, if a mother is a carrier (has only one allele that is associated with disease), she can transmit either the X chromosome with the mutation or an unaffected X chromosome to her children. If the father is unaffected, all of the daughters will be unaffected—since they will inherit at least one normal X chromosome from their father. But, son can be affected, because he inherits Y chromosome from father and can inherit affected X chromosome from mother.

cell regulation is conducted by special proteins.

true, i don't really know what you're asking but from the info you provided im guessing the answer is true.