What must a pioneer species be able to do?

Amale bird-of-paradise uses a dance to attract mates in which it flaps its tail feathers on the ground and jumps around a potential female mate. a different male bird-of-paradise does a similar dance but it jumps around the female in the opposite direction. the female bird is only attracted to one style of dance, in one direction. this is an example of speciation.

What is a limitation of using a chemical formula, such as c6h1206, to represent a compound? the chemical formula does not show the types of elements that make up the compound. the chemical formula does not show how the atoms are connected to one another the chemical formula does not show the number of atoms of each element in a molecule. the chemical formula does not show the chemical symbols of the elements in the compound

What is any method of measuring the age of an object or event in years, such as using atomic half-life?