F.8.2b which of the following is a principle of natural selection?

a.) most organisms are infertile or produce nonviable offspring.

b.)members of a species are genetically identical.

c.) variations are acquired during an individual's lifetime and so are not passed to offspring.

d.) variations allow individuals to survive and reproduce better than members who lack these variations.

D.) Helpful variations allow individuals to survive and reproduce better than members who lack these variations.

Explanation:

Variation is one of among the principles of natural selection.

Variations occur naturally thereby favouring some individual groups over the other.

In the above example, the helpful variations naturally select the parents of the offsprings while the other members of the group are disadvantaged.

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explanation:

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its temperature is increasing. this causes molecular vibrations to increase.