How do organism in a ecosystem survive?

To answer this question, we must define the two key terms within this question, organism, and ecosystem.

Organism, by definition, is "one animal, plant, or single-cell".

Ecosystem, by definition, is a "community of organisms interacting with their environment".

For an organism to survive in a certain ecosystem, the ecosystem must provide a certain amount of basics:

1) Food: The ecosystem must provide edible substance to the organism, whether as plants, other animals, or a way to get nutrients.

2) Water: Of course, there are plants and animals that can survive long time without water. However, water is a key component to the survivability of the organism.

3) Shelter: Most animals must have a long-term shelter against the weather. Shelter also provides protection against predators.

4) A way to reproduce: Whether an animal reproduces asexually or sexually, the organism must have a way to keep the population alive. Remember that the disappearance of an organism can greatly affect the food chain & web, and can lead to the destruction of the ecosystem.

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explanation:

cells use diffusion to get substances in and out of themselves. that diffusion will occur across the cell membrane or the outer covering of the cell. because we are talking about the surface of the cell, surface area and volume are  important factors here. as a cell increases in size, its surface area and volume increase as well.  we call that the surface area to volume ratio (sa: vol).  but the catch is that  volume increases at a greater rate than surface  area. in other words, as a cell gets bigger, the sa: vol gets smaller. so a really small cell like bacteria is mostly cell membrane (surface) with very little contents (volume). a really big cell like an egg, is mostly insides with a super thin membrane. so what ends up happening is that the cell cannot efficiently diffuse all of the stuff it needs in/out to survive. therefore cell size is limited to about 100mm. so how do we make organisms bigger than 100mm? cells divide! by dividing and becoming multicellular, organisms are able to grow!   check out the diagrams i attached to see the effect of sa: vol. i hope this ! good luck!