Which of the following would be expected to decrease the rate of oxygen diffusion across the alveolar-capillary membrane of the lung (select all that apply)?
a. a decrease in po2 difference between the alveolus and the pulmomary capillary blood.
b. an increase in the surface are of the alveolar-capillary membrane.
c. an increase in the thickness of the alveolar-capillary membrane.
d. a decrease in oxygen solubility in the alveolar membrane.