During reconstruction in the south, poll taxes were used to
strengthen african american representation in government.
ensure that voters were qualified to participate in elections.
deny african american citizens participation in government.
prevent former confederate officers from voting in elections.

when you breathe in, or inhale, your diaphragm contracts (tightens) and moves downward. this increases the space in your chest cavity, into which your lungs expand. the intercostal muscles between your ribs also enlarge the chest cavity. they contract to pull your rib cage both upward and outward when you inhale.