Active disorders such as depression in general reflect
a. alterations in neurotransmitter levels produced in lower centers but released in higher centers
b. alterations in neurotransmitter levels produces in higher centers but released in lower centers
c. all of the above
d. none of the above

water is a polar molecule. a chemical bond is a force of attraction between atoms or ions. bonds form when atoms share or transfer valence electrons. atoms form chemical bonds to achieve a full outer energy level, which is the most stable arrangement of electrons. so, false

explanation:

in h2o molecule, two water molecules are bonded by a hydrogen bond but the bond between two h - o bonds within a water molecule are covalent. the greater the electronegativity difference, the more ionic the bond is. bonds that are partly ionic are called polar covalent bonds. nonpolar covalent bonds, with equal sharing of the bond electrons, arise when the electronegativities of the two atoms are equal.

c) 50% there are four chromosomes. after crossing over, 2 of the four have been changed. that means any gamete has a 2 in 4 chance or 50% chance of receiving the mutated chromosome.

the answer is sex-linked recessive.

answer; both surfaces of the membrane are nonpermeable