During a period of time outside the host, a virus may become and lose many factors that are required for infections. these viruses stimulate the immune system with much lower mortality than the fully virulent strains.

Factors that can increase mutation rates a. high temps b. low temps c. food additives d. uv rays

Did the vinegar diffuse all the way to the center of any of the cubes? if so, which ones? what does this tell you about surface area-to-volume ratio and the diffusion rate?

Based on the observation that only male crickets produce a song, you hypothesize that a male's song is a form of communication to potential mates. you set up a simple experiment to test this hypothesis. in the laboratory, you place a male snowy tree cricket in enclosure a, which is adjacent to enclosureb. in enclosure b, you place other insects, one at a time, and observe their responses to the male's song. the enclosures are designed so that the two insects being tested cannot see or smell each other, but sound is transmitted from enclosure a to enclosureb.