Many drugs are competitive inhibitors of specific enzymes. in such cases, the amount of drug needed to achieve a. the amount of drug needed to achieve the same effect is increased as the substrate concentration decreases. b. substrate must be bound to the enzyme before the drug can bind. c. the enzymes have to be allosterically regulated. d. the same effect is increased as the substrate concentration increases.

d. The amount of drug needed to achieve the same effect is increased as the substrate concentration increases.

Explanation:

A substrate binds to the active site of an enzyme, where it's transformed into a product. A competitive inhibitor is a molecule that has a similar structure to the natural substrate of an enzyme, and competes with it for the active site. If the competitive inhibitor is bound to the active site, there's no room for the actual substrate, so the enzyme is inhibited.

If the concentration of the substrate is much higher than the concentration of the drug, most of the enzymes will find a substrate molecule in the medium instead of a drug molecule, and the inhibition will not be very effective. In order to achieve the inhibition effect, the drug concentration needs to be increased, so that most of the enzymes' active sites are bound to a drug molecule.

answer; the above answer to the above statement is (true)

spiders belong to a group of arachnids.

arachnids have the following traits :

they have two body parts.

they have eight legs unlike insects which have 6 legs.

they have no wings.

these traits distinguish them from insects.

the information that antonio is doubting us the statement that spiders differences are as a result of being first to evolve.

this is because the evolution of one species is independent of the other species.