Which two examples show adaptations for plants growing in the desert?
spines to protect plants against animals seeking water
wide holes on leaves to release excess water vapor
pointed leaf tips to allow water to roll off easily
a waxy coating on leaves to reduce water loss

spines to protect plants against animals seeking water and a waxy coating on leaves to reduce water loss

Explanation:

The correct answers are:

-spines to protect plants against animals seeking water and

-a waxy coating on leaves to reduce water loss

Explanation:

In the desert, water scarcity is the main problem which plant and animal species face mainly during the hot and dry summer. So plants and animals become adapted and evolved according to the environment.

These adaptation in plants are:

1. Formation of spines: In some desert plant leaves are converted into spines to reduce water loss and to discourage animals to eat plant parts that are used to store water.

2. Waxy coating of leaves: There is a waxy coating on plant leaves that lives in deserted area which prevent the water loss through transpiration.

So spines and waxy coating are two examples show adaptations in plants that grow in the desert.

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answer: b: experiments that showed that all cells are similar in how they metabolize and in their composition

explanation:

transcription is a process in which information is rewritten. it is something our cells must do, in a more specialized and narrowly defined way. in biology, transcription is the process of copying out the dna sequence of a gene in the similar alphabet of rna. it needs to happen in the nucleus because that's where the dna is. dna is always inside the nucleus unless the cell is dividing.

transcription is the first step in gene expression, which involves copying a gene's dna sequence to make an rna molecule. transcription is performed by rna polymerases. it has three stages: initiation, elongation, and termination. rna molecules must be processed after transcription in eukaryotes.

explanation:

long version:

the protein synthesis consists two processes which are, transcription and translation. transcription takes place in the nucleus. it uses dna as a template to make an rna molecule. rna then leaves the nucleus and goes to a ribosome in the cytoplasm, where translation occurs. transcription is the first part of the central dogma of molecular biology: dna → rna. it is the transfer of genetic instructions in dna to messenger rna (mrna). during transcription, a strand of mrna is made that is complementary to a strand of dna.  

these three stages are:

  initiation: in which   is the beginning of transcription.occuring when the enzyme rna polymerase binds to a region of a gene called the promoter. this signals the dna to unwind so the enzyme can ‘‘read’’ the bases in one of the dna strands. the enzyme is now ready to make a strand of mrna with a complementary sequence of bases.

    elongation: in which is the addition of nucleotides to the mrna strand. rna polymerase reads the unwound dna strand and builds the mrna molecule, using complementary base pairs. there is a brief time during this process when the newly formed rna is bound to the unwound dna. during this process, an adenine (a) in the dna binds to an uracil (u) in the rna.

    termination: in which is the ending of transcription, and occurs when rna polymerase crosses a stop (termination) sequence in the gene. the mrna strand is complete, and it detaches from dna.