Genes that are very close to each other on the bacterial chromosome can be "cotransformed." this means that during a single transformation event, alleles of those genes may be replaced with donor cell alleles in one dna strand of the chromosome. genes that are close enough to each other on the bacterial chromosome to be contransformed are said to be linked.

How do you transfer mrna into codons ? i'm so confused : (

Students in biology are studying the macromolecules of life. they used a calorimeter to determine the calories in various types of food. once the lab was completed, the students ate the left over food samples. monica commented that in just 6 or 7 "chews" of the saltine, it was gone; nothing but a sticky paste in her mouth. elaborate on what happened chemically while chewing the saltine. include the macromolecules present.

What is the function of the root cap? a. extra-absorbent cells in the root cap absorb more water and nutrients b. protect the meristematic area of the stem c. contains sensors for sunlight d. increases surface area of the root