This is a time test and i don’t know the answers.

i think that d. wind is the answer.   i missed the question when i answered a. currents.

i think that is new experiments yield untrustworthy data and should be carefully considered, because you don't know what will happen with the experiments.

emerging idea only occurs as a raw idea that could appear out of nowhere. meanwhile, to reach scientific consensus , that idea must be structured and tested over and over again through various experiments. the scientific consensus transforms the raw idea into idea that is more reliable through the process of scientific elimination.