Which of the following statements is true about passive transport?

a)passive transport operates independently of concentration.
b)passive transport operates independently of diffusion.
c)passive transport requires no expenditure of cellular energy.
d)passive transport phenomena can never reach equilibrium.

No cellular energy is needed in the Passive transport.

Explanation:

A movement of atomic molecules and ions throughout the cell membrane is known as passive transport. In this transportation of molecules no cellular energy is used.

As this movement is influenced by the tendency to grow as entropy, the energy is not in need unlike the active transport. Its rate depends on the permeability of cell membrane. There are four types of passive transport- facilitated diffusion, simple diffusion osmosis or filtration.

answer: - b cells

explanation: -

so, the b cells mediate their action by identifying the antigens present on the surface of the pathogens and then producing antibodies in return to mediate its effect.