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origin and expansion of the universe lab report introduction scientists have established a timeline of events after the big bang, based on astronomical observations and our understanding of the physical laws of the universe, such as gravity and the speed of light. in this lab activity, you will gather evidence to support the big bang theory. problem: how can models demonstrate theories of our expanding universe? hypothesis: review the virtual lab demonstration in the lesson and stop the video when prompted to formulate a hypothesis. hypothesize (or predict) what you believe will happen to the distances between the labeled circles when you blow up the balloon ¼ full, ½ full, and ¾ full. materials: watch the virtual lab demonstration video within the lesson. no additional materials are needed. procedures: 1. watch the virtual lab demonstration video within the lesson and record your observations in table 1. 2. using your expanding universe data from table 1, construct a line graph using the volume of the below on the x-axis and the distance between points on the y-axis. be sure to include units and add titles to the graphs. refer to the graph example and graphing tutorial in the lesson if needed. 3. complete the questions and conclusion section of the lab report. variables: for this investigation, list the independent, dependent, and controlled variables. data and observations: table 1: expanding universe observations galaxies distance: uninflated balloon (centimeters) distance: ¼ full (centimeters) distance: ½ full (centimeters) distance: ¾ full (centimeters) a to b a to c a to d b to c b to d c to d using your expanding universe data from table 1, construct a line graph using the volume of the below on the x-axis and the distance between points on the y-axis. be sure to include units and add titles to the graphs. refer to the graph example and graphing tutorial in the lesson if needed. place your graph here. questions and conclusion 1. how does the density and distribution of your “stars” change as the balloon expand? 2. how does your expanding balloon model represent an expanding universe? 3. what are some shortcomings of using this model as a replica of universe expansion? 4. how does the model you created to show that the steady state theory is inaccurate? 5. suggest a way that a scientist could create an even more accurate model of universe expansion. 6. what will happen to the gravitational force between stars as the universe continues to expand? in conclusion, how did your prediction of distances between points compare to your experimental results? scientific claim engaging in the scientific argument is a critical piece to the application of science and engineering and is necessary to solve a societal problem. scientific argument is based on evidence and reasoning that leads to explanations. a scientific argument consists of three key pieces: • claim: a conclusion about a problem • evidence: scientific data that is appropriate and sufficient to support the claim. • reasoning: a justification that shows why the data or information counts as evidence to support the claim and includes appropriate scientific principles 1. what is the claim made by the big bang theory regarding the creation of the universe? 2. what are three crucial pieces of evidence that support the claim for the big bang theory? include a piece of evidence that relates each of the following: a. light spectra b. the motion of distant galaxies c. composition of matter in universe 3. explain how or why each piece of evidence supports the claim made in the big bang theory.