what evidence is there that chimpanzees in the wild use vernonia amygdalina to treat parasitic infestations? do you agree with the hypothesis that wild chimps self-medicate? why or why not?

There are concrete evidences of chimpanzees in wild part of Tanzania do intake Vernonia amygdalina, which possess anti-parasitic properties and hence helps in treatment of parasitic infestations.

Explanation:

On critical scientific analysis of vernonia amygdalina, it is observed that vernonia contains various lactones and glucosides steroids which showed anti-parasitic property. But the self medication hypothesis is not at all agreeable. Because chimpanzees don't have such brain to judge which things has medicinal values or from which infections or diseases they are suffering. It is perhaps observed that vernonia taste bitter and often animal take bitter food that triggers in them the feeling of satiety or reverse peristalsis to get rid of excess food by vomiting.

micro/nanoscale topography surface exhibits many prominent properties and is extensively employed in biomedical device, microfluidic device and energy device fabrication. additionally, the clinical applications of biomaterials can be largely expanded with of nanostructured surfaces.

your answer is "the 1950's"