Explain the key concepts of the atomic theory and the potential uses.

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Explanation:

Atomic theory, dating from the nineteenth century postulated by the scientist Dalton, states that nature is composed of discrete units: the atoms. There are precedents to this theory: Law of conservation of mass (Lavoisier), Law of Avogadro Law of defined proportions and Law of multiple proportions (Proust). In summary, atomic theory describes the composition of the atom by protons, neutrons and electrons. The combinations of these elements make up the building blocks and then the molecules. Other points of the theory stand out: atoms of the same element are equal to each other (in mass and physical-chemical properties), atoms of different elements differ in mass and other properties, the compounds are formed in a simple numerical relationship by the union of atoms of the corresponding elements. Regarding the uses of atomic theory, there are applications in the field of nuclear energy, petrochemicals, pharmaceutical industry, development of new materials.

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