Releases energy that is used to pump hydrogen ions from the stroma into the thylakoid compartment.
the figure shows the membrane of the thylakoid. letters from a to e indicate definite structures. letter a indicates the first protein complex of the light-dependent reactions, which is located in the thylakoid membrane. letter b indicates the multiprotein complex between two photosystems. letter c marks the second integral membrane protein complex of the light-dependent reactions. letter d marks the substance inside thylakoid. letter e indicates the flask-shaped structure, which has a canal for hydrogen ions.
a. d
b. a
c. b
d. c
e. e