Which statement regarding heterotrimeric g proteins in a resting state is true?
a. gtp is bound to the α subunit in a complex with both the β and γ subunits.
b. gdp is bound to the α subunit in a complex with both the β and γ subunits.
c. the proteins are in a complex with g protein-coupled receptors.
d. gdp is bound to the β subunit in a complex with both the α and γ subunits.

B) GDP is bound to the alpha subunit in a complex with both the beta and gamma subunits

Explanation:

Heterotrimeric G proteins consist of three (3) distinct subunits, alpha (α), beta (β) and gamma (γ). These proteins couple the activation of diverse types of plasma membrane receptor to a variety of intracellular processes. Basically, most types of neurotransmitter and peptide hormone receptor, as well as many cytokine and chemokine receptors, fall into a superfamily of structurally related molecules, termed G protein-coupled receptors.

correct answer is option a.

tropopause, stratopause and mesopause have all in common aspect that is point of maximum temperature in its layer of the atmosphere. all layers of atmosphere observe abrupt change in temperature. tropopause is the boundary between troposphere and stratosphere. stratopause is the boundary between stratosphere and mesosphere. mesopause is the boundary between mesosphere and thermosphere. these all boundaries are ranges between altitude of 0 to 80 km.

"menstrual cycle is a complex cycle that consists of several processes. order of occurrence of steps in menstrual cycle are as follows:

1. high progesterone levels maintain the endometrium lining of the uterus.

2. endometrium lining breaks down and low levels of estrogen stimulate the pituitary to release fsh and lh.

3. fsh and lh stimulates the follicles to develop and the oocyte to produce estrogen.

4. rising estrogen levels suppress fsh production and development of other follicles.

5. a spike in lh causes follicle to rupture.

6. a breakdown of corpus luteum causes progesterone level to drop."