How can materials exit a cell by active transport

Some substances pass through small holes in the surface cell membrane. This is called diffusion and does not require the cell to expend energy. Oxygen gets into a cell and carbon dioxide (the product of respiration reactions) leaves it this way. ... small particles (ions or molecules) diffuse more quickly than large ones.

Explanation:

from the original order (top to bottom) the new order will go

1 (founder)

4 (hawk)

2 (mutate)

3 (next generation)

the relative standard reduction potential of the half-cell in which reduction occurs; more positive than the other half-cell. reduction is a chemical process in which electrons are added to an atom or an ion; it always occurs accompanied by oxidation of the reducing agent.