Which of the following statements about anabolic pathways is true?

a. they release energy by degrading polymers to monomers.
b. they decrease the entropy of the organism and its environment.
c. they are usually spontaneous chemical reactions.
d. they consume energy to build up polymers from monomers.

d

Explanation:

Anabolic pathways are biosynthetic and consume energy

mammal

explanation:

the food storage products of chrysophytes are oils or the polysaccharide laminarin.   formerly classified as plants, the chrysophytes contain the photosynthetic pigments chlorophyll a and c all but the yellow-green algae also contain the carotenoid pigment fucoxanthin.