Hunting reduced the population size of the northern elephant seal to as few as 20 individuals at the end of the 19th century. their population has since rebounded to over 30,000, but they have much less genetic variation than a population of southern elephant seals that was not so intensely hunted. how is the lack of genetic variation related to the hunting episodes of the 1800's?

Population bottleneck can be described as a situation in which the population of a species declines rapidly to n endangered level due to different environmental factors. Such events can lead to losing of the diverse genetic pool of that organism. As a result, these organisms will carry limited variations in their traits.  The phenomenon of population bottleneck can lead to rapid loss of different alleles form an ecosystem.

Hence, the phenomenon of population bottleneck shows the connection between the lack of genetic variation and the hunting episodes of the 1800's.

common management practices in dairy and poultry farming are: (i) proper shelter facilities and their regular cleaning. (ii) some basic hygienic conditions such as clean water, nutritious food, etc. (iii) animals are kept in spacious, airy, and ventilated place.