The p value is a quantitative expression of the probability that the results of another experiment of the same size and structure will deviate from expected results as much as or more than by chance. the greater the difference between observed and expected results of an experiment, ) the lower the χ2 value and the lower the p valueb) the greater the χ2 value and the greater the p valuec) the greater the χ2 value and the lower the p valued) the lower the χ2 value and the greater the p valuee) the greater the χ2 value; but the p value is unaffected