During her final year of medical training, lissette was under constant pressure. she never seemed to get enough sleep, she was anxious and nervous most of the time, and she suffered many physical symptoms and disorders. as a result of the prolonged physical and emotional stress, it is likely that her hypothalamus, pituitary gland, and adrenal cortex worked together to release stress-related hormones called?

Cortisol

Explanation:

Under stress and modifications in the circadian rhythm the hypothalamus releases CRH (Corticotropin-releasing hormone) this hormones travels up to the pituitary gland producing the release of ACTH (Adrenocorticotropic hormone), ACTH acts on the adrenal glands, specifically on the adrenal cortex of this glands, releasing cortisol. Cortisol is a hormone that suppresses the action of the immune system, has a catabolic effect on lipids and proteins and plays an important role in gluconeogenesis.

Cortisol, Adrenaline and Norepinephrine

Explanation: Cortisol is a hormone produced by the adrenal gland. It increases blood pressure, blood sugar and decreases immune responses. High cortisol levels create physiological changes that replenish the depleted energy stores during stress response. However, they contribute to the build up of fat tissues and weight gain as it stimulates appetite.

Adrenaline acts on the adrenoceptors (alpha and beta). Beta are found in the skeletal muscle blood vessels where they stimulate vasodilation. However the adrenaline acting in the smooth muscle triggers vasoconstriction in those vessels

Norepinephrine/Noradrenaline is a neurotransmitter acting on the central and sympathetic nervous system. The heart beats faster than normal, pushing blood to the hearts, muscles and pulse rate goes up. Respiratory rate also increases

a scenario where a cell may be needed to perform a form of endocytosis is when transporting large molecules. a scenario where a cell may be needed to perform a form of exocytosis is when releasing the large molecule from the cell.