Chromosomes that have the same sequence of genes and the same structure

Chromosomes that have the same sequence of genes and the same structure are homologous chromosomes.

Explanation:

Homologous chromosomes can be described as the chromosomes which carry the same genes at the same loci. They are identical to one another. One of the homologous chromosomes arises from the female and the other one of the homologous chromosome arises from the male during meiosis.

The crossing over between the DNA from homologous chromosomes is the main reason for the wide genetic diversity which occurs due to meiosis.

For example, humans have 23 pairs of homologous chromosomes and one pair of sex chromosomes.

both male and female gametes are produced by meiosis of the germ cells. therefore, both male and female gametes are haploid. one male and one female gamete unite during the fertilization to form the diploid zygote. in seed bearing plants, pollen grain is the male gametophyte, which produces sperm cells.

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