How does the alternative complement pathway kill the invading microbial cell?
choose one:
a. it destroys the proton motive force required for energy production.
b. it causes the oxidation of the microbe's membranes by producing superoxide ion.
c. it enhances the phagocytosis of the microbes by host cells.
d. it stimulates the production of neutrophil extracellular traps (nets), which trap the microbes and kill them with antimicrobial compounds.

Scenario #2 in 2001, a population of 2,500 poison dart frogs lived in the amazon rain forest. due to increased deforestation, the population dwindled to 25 frogs in 2019. new government regulations were enacted in 2022, successfully putting an end to the deforestation of the amazon rain forest. once deforestation was stopped, the poison dart frog population was able to recover. by 2050, the population reached 8,000 frogs, of that population, 20 are homozygous recessive for being spotted (ss genotype). q2- ? q- p- p2- 2pq-

Agroup of plant cells was exposed to radiation, which damaged the chloroplasts and caused them to lose function. if the mitochondria were unharmed, what would happen to the overall function of the plant cells? a. the cells would not be able to make food, but would be able to release energy from biomolecules. b. the cells would not be able to replicate dna, but would be able to break down waste. c. the cells would not be able to break down waste, but would be able to replicate dna. d. the cells would not be able to release energy from biomolecules, but would be able to make food.

Anurse is preparing to administer ampicillin 500 mg in 50 ml of dextrose 5% in water (d5w) to infuse over 15 min. the drop factor of the manual iv tubing is 10 gtt/ml. the nurse should set the manual iv infusion to deliver how many gtt/min? (round the answer to the nearest whole number. use a leading zero if it applies. do not use a trailing zero.)