Ahorticulturist wants to produce geraniums with specific characteristics she knows that the trait of red flowers is governed bye the allele r and the trait of the white flowers is governed bye the allied r

the horticulturist crosses two geraniums from the f1 generation look at the punter square to see this cross what ration of red to white flowering plants would you expect to see in the phenotypes of the f2 generation

Ration of red to white flowering plants  in the phenotypes of the F2 generation is 3:1

Explanation:

Let us suppose that in the F1 generation, true breeding species were crossed with each other.  

True breeding red flower geraniums will have genotype "RR"  

And true breeding white flower geraniums will have genotype "rr"  

Also, let us say that "R" is dominant over "r"  

Then the offspring produced in F1 generation are -  

RR * rr

Rr, Rr, Rr, Rr

All offspring are heterozygous red

F2 generation cross

Rr * Rr

RR, Rr, Rr, rr

Out of four , 3 offspring are red in color and one is white in color.  

Thus, ration of red to white flowering plants is 3:1

step 1: initiation

initiation is the beginning of transcription. it occurs when the enzyme rna polymerase binds to a region of a gene called the promoter. this signals the dna to unwind so the enzyme can ‘‘read’’ the bases in one of the dna strands. the enzyme is now ready to make a strand of mrna with a complementary sequence of bases.

step 2: elongation

elongation is the addition of nucleotides to the mrna strand. rna polymerase reads the unwound dna strand and builds the mrna molecule, using complementary base pairs. there is a brief time during this process when the newly formed rna is bound to the unwound dna. during this process, an adenine (a) in the dna binds to an uracil (u) in the rna.

step 3: termination

termination is the ending of transcription, and occurs when rna polymerase crosses a stop (termination) sequence in the gene. the mrna strand is complete, and it detaches from dna.