Which change in dna will cause a heritable germline mutation?

a. the sugar phosphate backbone of dna in bone cells breaks due to exposure to x-rays.

b. thymine dimers form in the dna of a skin cell due to exposure to uv light.

c. a dna replication error occurs in a sperm-producing cell.

d. an error occurs during transcription of the dna in a liver cell.

The steps in the formation of extrusive igneous rocks are listed below in an incorrect order: 1. rock melts due to high temperature. 2. rock is buried deep under earth's surface. 3. magma is forced out of earth's surface during volcanic eruption. 4. lava cools and crystallizes to igneous rock. which of these best shows the correct order of steps in the formation of extrusive igneous rocks? 1, 3, 4, 2 2, 1, 3, 4 3, 4, 2, 1 4, 2, 1, 3