in any ecosystem, land-based and aquatic, matter, in the form of atoms and molecules, is cycled among all organisms. organisms within every food web, have specific roles in continuing the cycle of nutrients.
in any food web, the organisms that are responsible for converting raw energy into usable chemical energy are collectively called while organisms that recycle the nutrients trapped in dead organisms are collectively called
a) producers; consumers.
b) producers; decomposers.
c) heterotrophs; consumers.
d) heterotrophs; autotrophs.

B) producers; decomposers

Explanation:

Decomposers are the only organisms that recycle energy In dead matter. Producers take raw energy from the sun and convert it into chemical energy so that it can be used to make their food.

tsd is temerature dependent sex determination.

tsd: it is a type of environmental sex determination in which the temperature experienced during embryonic/ larval development (ambient temperature for development) determine the sex of the offspring.

crocodile displays the tsd where the ambient temperature of the developing egg determines the individual's sex. for example in the american alligator's eggs, incubation at 33 ºc produces mostly males, while incubation at 30 ºc produces mostly females. so if the american alligator's egg will get the ambient temperature (33 degree celcius)during embryonic development from egg, the offspring will be male and same for the female sex determination.