Diagrams of the flow of energy through a tree (such as the one on the right) show that a lot of energy is lost as heat. which of the following statements offers the best explanation for this loss?

a.) the first law of thermodynamics, which states that inputs of energy must equal outputs
b.) the second law of thermodynamics, which states that all transfers of energy are inefficient
c.) the fact that some of the solar energy intercepted by the plant is reflected and not absorbed
d.) the fact that some of the energy absorbed is converted into sugar via photosynthesis