How does calgary and london have different climates even being located from the same latitude on earth?

Calgary (North America) and London (Europe) have different climates even being located from the same latitude on Earth is due to the gulf stream (warm, fast ocean current).

Explanation:

The location of a place in the north or south of the equator is provided by latitudes. The higher latitudes (away from the equator) receive less heat than lower latitude areas nearer the equator because different latitudes receive different amounts of sunlight. Climate of the earth depends on the latitude, the arrangement of oceans and land masses, and ocean currents.

The places near to oceans, like London is warmer in winter and cooler in the summer. The light from the sun warms up the ocean and some of this heat is transferred to the air making the land warmer. Also the oceans move heat around the earth as the water in the ocean is always moving. This moving of ocean water is known as ocean current.

The Gulf Stream is a strong, fast and warm ocean current, which is caused by the clockwise flow of water in the North Atlantic, that draws warm water from the equatorial region (Gulf of Mexico). The winds from the Arctic causes the cooling of surface water in the North Atlantic ocean. Some of the water evaporates making the rest more salty and dense, and as a result the cold water sinks into the ocean floor. Then it moves towards the equator and gets warm slowly. The warm water from the Gulf of Mexico then moves into the Atlantic (Gulf Stream) to replace the cold equator-bound water.

This warm ocean current and the warmer airflow associated with it increases the temperatures of the most of Europe while North America has ocean currents that originate in the colder regions and bring colder weather onto land.

c. earths continental crust is thicker than its lithosphere.

because, the lithosphere is the outermost layer of the earth/ 100 km thick and is defined by its machanical properties.the lithosphere contains oceanic and continental crust that varies in age and thickness across locations and geologic time. the lithosphere is the coolest layer of the earth in terms of temperature. the term lithosphere should not be confused with the use of "geosphere" which is used to indicate all of earth systems, including the atmosphere, hydrosphere   and biosphere. the surface of the earth can be divided into the continental crust and the oceanic crust.   the continental crust is made mostly of granite while the oceanic crust is made of basalt. the average thickness of the continental crust is 25 miles and the average thickness of the oceanic crust is 5 miles.   three types of rock, igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic, make up the surface of the earth. that's why 3 option is preferable.

stimulus is a change in the environment that causes an organism to react. the response is the reaction to the stimulus. some examples of stimuli for zebras are drought, to many predators, and bad feeding grounds such as dead grass or plants. zebras respond to stimuli just like all other living organisms