Which of these is heated by radiation? a. an ice cube melts while you hold it in your hand. b. hot soup rises to the top of the bowl, while cooler soup sinks to the bottom. c. coastal temperatures are cooler than temperatures in inland areas. d. the sun's energy is transferred through the vacuum of space to earth.

Answer is option D.

The sun's energy is transferred through the vacuum of space to Earth by radiation.

Explanation:

The three forms of heat transfer are conduction, convection and radiation. The process of heat transfer between two solid objects in contact with one another due to a temperature difference is known as conduction. An ice cube melts while you hold it in your hand, is an example of conduction. Here, the heat energy from the hand is transferred to the ice cube and the ice melts.

Convection is the heat transfer occurs in moving materials (liquid or gas) due to the temperature difference between two regions. Hot soup rises to the top of the bowl, while cooler soup sinks to the bottom is an example of convection. The hot soup is less dense than cold soup, so it rises to the top and the cold soup at the top sinks to the bottom.

Radiation is a form of heat transfer where the heat energy is transferred through electromagnetic waves like infrared, UV rays etc. The sun's energy is transferred through the vacuum of space to Earth by radiation. Heat energy is transferred through vacuum by infrared radiation emitted by the Sun. The Earth absorbs it and turns the energy into heat.

in 1859, charles darwin set out his theory of evolution by natural selection as an explanation for adaptation and speciation. he defined natural selection as the "principle by which each slight variation [of a trait], if useful, is preserved".